Recent Inventions in Gunpowder and Other Explosives

Perceptions of amputation before and after gunpowder.

Woodall's remark on limb amputation, in 1617, that "it is no small presumption to Dismember the Image of God", reflected lingering doubts attributable to widespread ancient beliefs or taboos which, at least during the early historic period, shunned elective amputations completely. Death was preferred to operative destruction of the body's integrity, even when societies were aware of traumatic, ...

[Pathogenesis of poisoning by gunpowder gases].

a synchronic and diachronic approach to the change route of address terms in the two recent centuries of persian language

terms of address as an important linguistics items provide valuable information about the interlocutors, their relationship and their circumstances. this study was done to investigate the change route of persian address terms in the two recent centuries including three historical periods of qajar, pahlavi and after the islamic revolution. data were extracted from a corpus consisting 24 novels w...

Applications of Semiconductor Fabrication Methods to Nanomedicine: A Review of Recent Inventions and Techniques.

We live in a world of convergence where scientific techniques from a variety of seemingly disparate fields are being applied cohesively to the study and solution of biomedical problems. For instance, the semiconductor processing field has been primarily developed to cater to the needs of the ever decreasing transistor size and cost while increasing functionality of electronic circuits. In recen...

Inventions, Algorithms, and Biological Design

This paper outlines a new model for understanding biological invention, based upon an extensive study of human inventiveness originating in Russia shortly after the Second World War. This science, known as the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving and referred to by the Russian acronym TRIZ, relies upon the study of human patents to reveal general principles of invention. TRIZ recognizes two dist...